From the point of view of organisations, the problems it creates include deterioration in job performance and quality of work, low job satisfaction, absenteeism, increased job turnover, reduced interest and effort in performing work activities, increased interpersonal conflicts, increased workplace accidents and, of course, a decline in the quality of the individual’s working life, which seems to greatly affect business productivity. It sometimes manifests through maladaptive behaviours such as eating disorders, obesity, self-medication, alcohol and psychoactive substance use or marital and family conflicts. Among the former, a wide range of consequences have been described for the individual’s physical and mental health, including cardiovascular, respiratory, muscular, digestive and nervous system (anxiety, depression, etc.) disorders, and various psychosomatic alterations. As suggested by several authors, burnout seems to have serious consequences for both workers and the organizations to which they belong. īurnout syndrome refers to this chronification of work-related stress, manifesting as a long-lasting response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors at work.

Such an increase in work-related stress levels over time could be related to an increase in burnout symptoms. This exponential increase in teachers’ workload and efforts occurred without an equal increase in the control they could exercise or in the resources or rewards allocated to them, which, as postulated by Karasek’s demands–control model and the effort–reward model, has led to a substantial increase in work-related stress. Their work demands changed, as they had to adapt to online environments and the use of new teaching methodologies, which together with factors such as emotional exhaustion and a lack of resources led them to experience stress and burnout. Teachers have had to face new situations at work, as during lockdowns they had to adapt their teaching to the new pandemic context. School and university teaching went online and remained there throughout the 2010–2021 academic year. By 20 March 2020, schools in 137 countries had been closed as a result of COVID-19. One of the first measures that governments around the world adopted to help maintain social distancing and reduce infections was to close schools. These emotions have an impact on performance at work. Along with the impact that a pandemic can have in itself, a key element is the perception of the pandemic, which can result in negative emotions such as uncertainty, fear, insecurity and stress. This situation has posed significant challenges for the population and has impacted on workers’ health, productivity and efficiency. The rapid spread of the virus has also led to border closures, travel bans, the closure of businesses and workplaces and lockdowns of non-essential workers in many countries The global pandemic caused by COVID-19 has caused a serious health emergency that has had significant global effects. Of the 33 journals that have published on the subject, Frontiers in Psychology and the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health stood out in terms of the number of articles, and they were also listed in this order with regard to their impact factor. A total of 184 institutions published documents, and the universities with the most records were Christopher Newport and Columbia, although the American University of Sharjah and Cape Breton University had a higher overall citation coefficient. The USA was the country with the most collaborations. The country with the most publications was the USA, followed by China and Spain.

A total of 75 documents from 33 journals with 3947 cited references were considered, with 307 researchers from 35 countries publishing at least one article. The aim of the study was to analyse the scientific production on stress and burnout in teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, a descriptive bibliometric analysis of the scientific production was performed in the Web of Science on burnout and/or stress in teachers in pandemic situations.

1966 el camino burnout